第48回日本神経学会総会
＜シンポジウム4-4＞高次脳機能障害治療への集中的アプローチ
音楽療法と神経心理学：音楽の脳内認知過程からみた音楽療法への提言
佐藤 正之1）3）, 武田 克彦2）, 葛原 茂樹3）
1）三重聖十字病院〔〒510-1232 三重県三重郡菰野町宿野1219-1〕
2）国際医療福祉大学三田病院神経内科〔〒108-8329 東京都港区三田1-4-3〕
3）三重大学医学部神経内科〔〒514-8507 三重県津市江戸橋2丁目174〕
In the last decade, a considerable number of studies have been made on the cognitive processing of music. A patient with pure amusia due to the infarction of anterior portion of bilateral temporal lobes revealed the disturbance of the discrimination of chords. Using positron emission tomography, these regions were activated when musically naïve normal subjects listened to the harmony compared to the rhythm of identical music. So, we concluded that anterior temporal portion might participate in the recognition of chords. Several articles reported that the musician's brain was different from nonmusicians' functionally and anatomically. This difference was considered to be caused by the musical training for a long time. Recent studies clarified that the reorganization might occur by musical training for a few months. Melodic intonation therapy (MIT) is a method aimed to improve speech output of aphasic patients, using short melodic phrase with a word. The literatures of mental processing of music suggested that right hemisphere might participate in the expression of music, namely singing and playing instrumentals. So, it was supposed that MIT utilized the compensational function of right hemisphere for damaged left hemisphere. We also reported that mental singing improved the gait disturbance of patients with Parkinson's disease. Music therapy is changing from a social science model based on the individual experiences to a neuroscience-guided model based on brain function and cognitive processing of the perception and expression of music.
(臨床神経, 47：868−870, 2007)
key words：音楽, 音楽療法, 神経心理学, 再構成
（受付日：2007年5月16日）
