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• Vol.56 No.11
• CLINICA NEUROL, 56: 747−753, 2016
• Vol.56 No.11 contents

Original Article

Frontal cortical dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD): Comparison of memory-based smooth-pursuit and anti-saccade tasks, and neuropsychological and motor symptom evaluations

Norie Ito, M.D.¹⁾⁴⁾, Hidetoshi Takei, M.D.²⁾, Susumu Chiba, M.D.¹⁾⁴⁾ and Kikuro Fukushima, M.D.³⁾

¹⁾Department of Neurology, Sapporo Yamanoue Hospital
²⁾Department of Radiology, Sapporo Yamanoue Hospital
³⁾Clinical Brain Research Laboratory, Sapporo Yamanoue Hospital
⁴⁾Present address: Department of Neuromedical Center, Sapporo Nishimaruyama Hospital

We reported recently that during a memory-based smooth-pursuit task, most Parkinson's disease (PD) patients exhibited normal cue-information memory but impaired smooth-pursuit preparation and execution. A minority of PD patients had abnormal cue-information memory or difficulty in understanding the task. To further examine differences between these two groups, we assigned an anti-saccade task and compared correct rates with various neuropsychological and motor symptom evaluations. The anti-saccade task requires voluntary saccades in the opposite direction to a visual stimulus, and patients with frontal cortical impairments are known to exhibit reflexive saccades (errors). We classified PD patients into 2 groups: one with normal cue-information memory during memory-based smooth-pursuit (n = 14), and the other with abnormal cue-information memory or with difficulty in understanding the memory task (n = 6). The two groups had significantly different anti-saccade correct rates and frontal assessment battery (FAB) scores (P < 0.01). Anti-saccade correct rates of individual patients (n = 20) correlated significantly with FAB scores (P < 0.01) but not with age, Hoehn-Yahr stage, unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) part III or mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores. Among FAB subtests, significant correlation was obtained only with motor programming scores. These results suggest that performance of memory-based smooth-pursuit and/or anti-saccades depend on frontal cortical function or dysfunction.
Full Text of this Article in Japanese PDF (391K)

(CLINICA NEUROL, 56: 747−753, 2016)
key words: Parkinson's disease, memory-based smooth-pursuit, anti-saccade, neuropsychological/motor symptom evaluations, motor programming

(Received: 11-Jul-16)