臨床神経学

<シンポジウム(4)―7―2>不随意運動の病態生理

ジストニアの病態生理:大脳基底核機能解剖

後藤 惠1), 梶 龍兒2)

1)徳島大学ヘルスバイオサイエンス研究部先端運動障害治療学講座〔〒770-0042 徳島市蔵本3丁目18番地-15〕
2)徳島大学大学院ヘルスバイオサイエンス研究部感覚情報医学講座臨床神経科学分野

Clinical manifestation of dystonia features involuntary muscle contraction or spasm resulting in postural and movement disorders. Depending on the distribution and spreading pattern of dystonia, four patterns have been described, including focal, segmental, multifocal and generalized dystonia. Dystonia can be seen as one of additional clinical features in a more severe neurologic condition. Most of pathophysiology in dystonia remains to be elucidated. Considering the pathology in secondary dystonia, basal ganglia is mostly involved, especially putamen. Dysfunctions of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop would result in development of dystonia. Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery has been demonstrated to provide clinical benefits to dystonia patients. In addition, involvement of other neuronal circuit or tissue has been revealed, including cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop, brainstem, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Elucidation of pathophysiology, molecular genetics, and functional neuroanatomy would further contribute to developing therapeutic strategy in dystonia.
Full Text of this Article in Japanese PDF (502K)

(臨床神経, 53:1275−1275, 2013)
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(受付日:2013年6月1日)